Why are there orange trees growing on the streets in Spain?

If you’ve ever walked through Spanish cities like Seville, Valencia, Alicante or along the Costa Blanca, you’ve probably noticed: orange trees grow everywhere along the streets, often full of bright orange fruits. But why do these trees just grow on the streets? And why does no one seem to pick the oranges? In this blog, we delve into the history, function and special character of these trees.

A historical and cultural symbol

Orange trees ( Citrus aurantium ) have been an important part of the Spanish landscape for centuries. They were introduced to the Iberian Peninsula, particularly in Andalusia and the Costa Blanca, by the Moors in the 10th century. The trees quickly became popular for their fragrant blossoms ( azahar ), which play an essential role in Spanish perfumes and traditions.

Decorative and useful for the climate

One of the main reasons cities plant these trees is their aesthetic and practical value. Orange trees are evergreen and provide a beautiful streetscape all year round. They also help improve air quality, provide shade and help cool the city during hot summers. Their sturdy roots also help prevent erosion and flooding during rain showers, something that is especially important along the Costa Blanca due to its dry climate and sudden rainfall.

Why doesn't anyone pick the oranges?

It may be tempting to pick an orange from a tree in the city, but most of the oranges you see on the streets are so-called bitter oranges ( naranjas amargas ). This variety is not good to eat raw because of its tart and sour taste. However, they are used for marmalade, essential oils and even perfume production. In Seville and parts of the Costa Blanca, for example, they are collected and exported to the United Kingdom, where they are used for the famous English orange marmalade.

The Origins of English Orange Marmalade

The term "marmalade" comes from the Portuguese word "marmelada", which originally referred to a quince jelly. In the 18th century, however, the English began using bitter oranges from Spain, particularly Seville. This gave rise to the classic English marmalade, a thick and slightly bitter orange puree that became particularly popular in Scotland. Today, it remains a staple of the traditional British breakfast and is exported around the world.

Why do lemon trees grow there too?

In addition to oranges, lemon trees can be found growing in many Spanish cities and towns, especially in warmer regions such as the Costa Blanca and Andalusia. Like orange trees, lemon trees are well-suited to the Mediterranean climate and offer visual charm as well as a delicious scent. The lemon tree ( Citrus limon ) is often chosen for urban plantings because of its graceful white blossoms, yellow fruits and culinary value. Although many lemons on street trees are also not intended for direct consumption, they contribute to the authentic and aromatic character of the environment. In addition, these trees also help to regulate temperature and improve air quality in urban areas.

A piece of Spanish charm

Besides their functional and historical significance, orange trees also add a touch of magic to the streets of Spanish cities. In spring, the scent of orange blossom fills the air, leaving an unforgettable impression on both locals and tourists.

So the next time you walk through a Spanish city or along the Costa Blanca and see the streets lined with orange and lemon trees, you will know that these trees are not just there for no reason. They are an integral part of Spain's history, culture and environment.